Montesquieu Quotes
In the state of nature, indeed, all men are born equal; but they cannot continue in this equality. Society makes them lose it, and they recover it only by the protection of the laws
This was one of the favorite quotations of Thomas Jefferson who copied it into his Commonplace Book.
Charles de Montesquieu, 1689-1755, French Lawyer, Writer & Political Philosopher, The Spirit of the Laws, VIII,c.3, 1748
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Paine observed that there were many people worse off in England and other civilized countries than they would be if born in a primitive culture. To him this was a failure of civilization.
For a similar application of the law to all see the Massachusetts Body of Liberties over a century earlier.
“Familia” in Latin meant in this context, the community or the citizens as opposed to the officials, The Bishop determined the former was under attack by the officials who in the probating of wills and estates would take bribes or levy taxes under “laws” that they would make up on the spot bilking the rightful inheritors of the property and wealth of the deceased. The principle that laws and regulations must be written down in advance and not otherwise, is a fundamental part of Western law today, But as this quotation shows, it was not always such.
Although Holland was more egalitarian and fairer than most nations of Europe, it was not quite as desirable as Diderot described it. He only visited a part of Holland that was the most educated and affluent.
Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French judge, man of letters, and political philosopher.