Totalitarian Regimes Quotes
The Nazis persecuted the Freemasons along with the Jews and Gypsies. The rationale was that the Freemasons were traitors and enemies of Germany. There is no record of any organized opposition to the Nazis by German Freemasons. However, it is likely that the older aristocratic German families which tended to join Masonic lodges, were not great enthusiasts about Hitler. For Nazi Germany, lack of enthusiastic support was treason. Kaltenbrunner was one of the major war criminals declared guilty at the Nuremberg Trials and hanged.
The Lubianka was the KGB headquarters in Moscow. Koestler, a Hungarian Jew, lived and worked in England for most of his life. He was not only a great writer, but was an amateur scientist.