Calvin Trillin Quotes
When it comes to rapacious 19th century capitalism, my family's hands are clean.
Trillin, Calvin. Messages from My Father. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1996.
Much if the American industrial revolution was assisted by government subsidies of one kind or another. Railroads, telegraph, armaments, foundries are just a few.
The coal miners’ strike had been going for 5 months. The major issue was the right to union recognition. The mine owners refused to do that and decided to take the strike. President Theodore Roosevelt mediated a settlement where the miners won more money but no union recognition. The great appeal and significance of this speech is that it stressed the young children who started working in the mines at ages 8 or 9 by working on the “breakers” where they broke up large chunks of coal into smaller chunks. The children never saw daylight and never had a chance for education much less a childhood. At the time, and well into the 20th century the Republican Party was adamantly opposed to any legislation regulating child labor and when two decades later public opinion finally forced Congress to pass Child Labor legislation, the Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional and it took a Constitutional Amendment. See {32240}, {642469}, and {36885}.
Debs had unconstitutionally been arrested and jailed for opposing American entry into World War I. He was later pardoned by President Warren G. Harding.
Money was backed by gold then and therefore limited and the country was growing, and needed more money to finance development. But the only way to then have more money in circulation was for the government to borrow it from the people who had it—mostly wealthy people in the East and in England. These gold owners charged very high interest rates. However there was much more silver in the U. S. and more was being mined every day. So for many populists, the answer was to make silver a basis for money. But those who had gold backed money wanted to maintain the shortage of currency in the growing nation The populists naively thought that if there was sufficient money supply all other problems like labor strife would disappear. Some did when the money supply was finally expanded, but it was no panacea.
In the early years of our nation, there was not much intellectual property being developed in America. We were an underdeveloped nation, and we took whatever we could get regardless of laws. Alexander Hamilton for example urged obtaining industrial trade secrets and even machines by whatever means was necessary. However in the latter part of the 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorns, Mark Twain and other creative Americans persuaded the government to join copyright conventions; we had become the victim of intellectual piracy rather than the pirates. Then we became the leading nation in advocating and enforcing intellectual property rights. This coincided with our becomng the leading producer of intellectual property. Intellectual property rights has always been an issue of “whose ox was gored.” The US position is somewhat hypocritical given our early history. However, respect for intellectual property rights, we now argue, in our modern global economy will encourage businesses to not only invest in developing countries but allow their technology and trade secrets to be used in the developing nation.
Calvin Marshall Trillin is an American journalist, humorist, food writer, poet, memoirist and novelist.
