Cotton Industry Quotes



The Governor went about the state telling this to citizens to illustrate what the tariff was costing them. His arithmetic however was terrible and there was no such effect. There was an effect that Southerners had to pay more for manufactured goods like finished clothing and that was approximately equal to the tariff—in this case 40 percent. However, the Governor was telling his constituents that they were losing 40% of everything they had to the Manufacturers. The reality was that the 40 percent only applied to finished dresses, suits, or tools that Southerners might buy which might only be 10 percent of all the purchases of the farmer who spent most of his money for seeds, land, mortgages, livestock, food, and labor services. So the real cost was closer to 4 percent than 40 percent. And most women did their own sewing of clothing, and thus the real cost was even less than the 4 percent. It is not known whether the Governor knew himself that his argument was all wrong arithmetically and was taking advantage of the poor education and ignorance in South Carolina or he himself was not sophisticated enough to realize that he was in error. Nonetheless, most citizens of the state and many others in the state believed him. They opposed the tariff and gave it a derogatory name. See {592185}.


The doctrine of the Southern Cotton industry before the Civil War was that Capital should not only use labor and control labor, but that in true capitalism, Capital should own labor—slavery. This Southern hostility towards labor rights and organized labor was derived from this extremist view of capitalism.


The South’s economy was based on Cotton and the way they raised cotton depended on slaves. From the point of view of the South, giving up slavery meant economic ruin. Their great mistake many think, was to not have used the time from the American Revolution to the 1860s to diversify their economy and do what the North and the Midwest had done and industrialize. Then they could have ended slavery without the devastating economic consequence. But they did not, and the result was history for the world and disaster for the South.