Thomas Hodgskin Quotes


All fixed capital, not only in the first instance, as is generally admitted, but in every stage of society, at every period in the history of man, is the creation of labour …


Citations

Thomas Hodgskin, 1787-1869, English Naval Officer, Journalist and Political Philosopher, Labour Defended against the Claims of Capital, 1825

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Related Quotes

Mises defines government revenue in such a manner that it always relly belonged to individuals, therefore when government invests in enterprises that accumulate capital via profits, Mises does not consider it capital accumulation. One counterexample of this point is the George Washington Bridge in New York, built in Mises lifetime by Robert Moses of the New York Port Authority. The tolls on the bridge paid off the bondholders who financed much of the initial construction. But then capital started to accumulate at such a rapid rate that Moses was able to build other capital projects ranging from highways to the World Trade Center Buildings with capital constantly accumulated. The New York Port Authority under Moses generated more capital appreciation than any corporation that had been in existence at that point. And he could not even sell stock. However, the Port Authority and a few others were exceptions. Generally government did was unable to accumulate capital in its enterprises.


This is a classic illustration of a quotation illustrating the problem that political discussions have with the issue of causality. Conrad is absolutely correct in stating that investment and innovation as the direct cause for most productivity. However, without the demand created by consumption (or the prospect of it) there will be little capital and effort at innovation. There is a causal chain and different ideological proponents argue for their preferred link in the chain tending to ignore the other links. Many liberals tout increasing consumption and pay little attention to the investment and innovation—an error of the opposite of Conrad’s.


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  • Born: December 12, 1787
  • Died: August 21, 1869
  • Nationality: English
  • Profession:

Thomas Hodgskin was an English socialist writer on political economy, critic of capitalism and defender of free trade and early trade unions. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the term socialist included any opponent of capitalism, at the time defined as a construed political system built on privileges for the owners of capital.