GREGORY IX
(Pope Gregory IX)
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This was the beginning of the inquisition.
The Pope and Frederick became enemies. Gregory who objected to Frederick’s style and independence. Finally he ordered Frederick to lead a crusade to the Holy Land, but the Emperor found one reason after another not to go or to return after only a day or two.
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Pope Gregory IX was Bishop of Rome, and as such, head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 to his death. He is known for issuing the Decretales and instituting the Papal Inquisition, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III, through his papal bull Ad abolendam issued in 1184.