DAVID HUNTER MILLER

The French, in 1763, gave up Canada rather than Guadeloupe to the British, who accepted the former instead of the latter with hesitating reluctance.

In early days, the discovery of unknown lands was regarded as the primary source of national title. But the impossibility that discovery, without anything more, should constitute a continuing basis of sovereignty soon became obvious and "effective occupation" or "settlement" became a requisite. In recent years, a third element of title has come to be thought of internationally as almost necessary, and that is … "notification of the fact," usually by an express communication to other Powers.

It is well to remember, however, that the geographical extent of the Monroe Doctrine has never been precisely delimited. Monroe spoke of "the American Continents" or, in other words, North and South America. Does this wholly exclude Antarctica, and if not, what part of that region is included?

In early days, the discovery of unknown lands was regarded as the primary source of national title. But the impossibility that discovery, without anything more, should constitute a continuing basis of sovereignty soon became obvious and "effective occupation" or "settlement" became a requisite. In recent years, a third element of title has come to be thought of internationally as almost necessary, and that is … "notification of the fact," usually by an express communication to other Powers.

It is well to remember, however, that the geographical extent of the Monroe Doctrine has never been precisely delimited. Monroe spoke of "the American Continents" or, in other words, North and South America. Does this wholly exclude Antarctica, and if not, what part of that region is included?

The French, in 1763, gave up Canada rather than Guadeloupe to the British, who accepted the former instead of the latter with hesitating reluctance.