ALFRED THE GREAT
(Alfred I)
Ironically, until after the assassination of JFK, the United States did not have a specific crime against killing the President.
Murder was then punishable by paying a fine to the relatives of the deceased to compensate for his “value.” However, were all people to be valued alike? Alfred said, “Yes,” and the fine was fixed regardless of the ethnicity of the victim.
This appears to be the first formal codification of the Golden Rule into law.
Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by the time of his death had become the dominant ruler in England. He is one of only two English monarchs to be given the epithet "the Great", the other being the Scandinavian Cnut the Great. He was also the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons".